Until the advent of materialism and 19th c. dogma, Western Civilisation was superior to anything Islam had developed. Islam has not aided in the development of the modern world; in fact civilisation has only been created in spite of Islam. Proof of this resides in the 'modern' world and the unending political-economic and spiritual poverty of Muslim states and regions. Squatting on richer civilisations is not 'progress'. Islam is pagan, totalitarian, and irrational.
Tiresome Atheist-Marxist propaganda, espoused primarily by Protestants and Secularists, include the fiction that the Church was opposed to 'science'. Besides the difficulty of defining 'science', the historical fact is that the scientific method and all the appliances and appurtenances of civilization only came to fruition in Christian Europe during the Middle Ages – far in advance of Protestantism which destroyed thousands of valuable artistic structures, and long in advance of Secular Atheism which propounds as its core science-fiction theory; that bacteria became men; and 100 trillion cell complexities arose by chance from one cell. Whatever.
Some examples of Christian genius in Math:
Algebra: No Muslims did not invent algebra. Islam has invented next to nothing. Diophantus and Greek Christians in Alexandria in the 3rd century invented Algebra, some 600 years before a Persian Zoroastrian with a Moslemified name, Al Khwarizmi supposedly invented it. Diophantus was a Christian and his book 'Arithmetica', even with its attendant issues, is obviously one of the key books in the history of mathematics, clearly laying out the basis of algebra, with his theorems still in effect today.
An example found in Arithmetica:
I. Polynomials (or other algebraic expressions) to be represented as squares. Among these are:
1. One equation for one unknown:
(II, 23; IV, 31) ax2 + bx + c = u2.
(VI, 18) ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = u2.
(V, 29) ax4 + b = u2.
(VI, 10) ax4 + bx3 + cx2 + dx + e = u2
(IV, 18) x6 - ax3 + x + b2 = u2.
Trigonometry: No Muslims did not invent trigonometry, which is a vital component in many disciplines. Hipparchus circa 190 to 120 BC is the first Greek credited with developing trigonometric theories in relation to astronomy, equinoxes and measuring the earth's circumference. It was however, Christians during the Middle Ages, beginning in the 2nd century AD with work in isoperimetrics and other arcana – 500 years before the moon cult named Islam was established - who refined trigonometry to encompass analytical and coordinate geometry, which are the foundations for other scientific and mathematical constructs. For instance y = sin(x) and the graph of this equation and function is periodic or wave-like. This is an important breakthrough allowing for example, the Christian Joseph Fourier (1768-1830) to unravel the mysteries of the dynamics of heat through advanced trigonometic notations.
Geometry: No Moslems did not invent geometry. Euclid's geometry, created circa 300 BC, was improved upon during the entire era of the Christian Middle Ages in Europe, ending with the Catholic Descartes advanced geometrical calculations in the 17th century. Around 500 AD, the Roman Christian Boethius made Latin redactions of a number of Greek scientific and logical writings. His Arithmetic, which was based on Nicomachus, was well known and was basis for medieval scholars to elaborate upon the Pythagorean number theory.
Boethius and Cassiodorus provided the material for the monkish and Christian university system, called the 'quadrivium': arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music theory. Together with the trivium (grammar, logic, rhetoric), these subjects formed the seven liberal arts, which were taught in the monasteries, cathedral schools, and, from the 12th century on, in the universities. The Middle Ages university curriculum – another Christian invention – would inspire Descartes and other mathematicians to expound and extend geometrical knowledge.